In vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF-ET)
In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is a procedure where the eggs are retrieved before ovulation, fertilized with sperm in vitro, and cultured and then developed embryos are transferred into the uterine cavity through the cervix, and occasionally surgically. This is the option for couples with tubal/peritoneal problems and/or male factor for obtaining.
Procedures
- Controlled ovarian stimulation was done using various protocols for obtaining multiple eggs
- Ultrasound examination is performed for serial monitoring of follicular development during controlled ovarian stimulation.
- Follicular maturation is induced and ovarian follicles are aspirated for egg retrieval under the transvagianl or occasionally transabdominal ultrasound guidance.
- The eggs are placed in a special media and cultured in an incubator until insemination.
- Sperm are obtained and mature eggs are fertilized with prepared sperm. If the quality of sperm or egg is poor, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure is used to aid in fertilization.
- Embryos are cultured in an IVF incubator for 2-6 days and monitored to make sure that a healthy embryo develops.
- Embryo(s) is transferred into the woman’s uterine cavity using a special catheter.